Monday, June 29, 2009

8) ENGINEERING SCIENCE

CONTENTS OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE


ENGINEERING PHYSICS
Engineering physics (EP) is an academic degree, available mainly at the levels of B.Sc., M.Sc. and Ph.D. Unlike other engineering degrees (such as aerospace engineering or electrical engineering), EP does not necessarily include a particular branch of science or physics. Instead, EP is meant to provide a more thorough grounding in applied physics of any area chosen by the student (such as optics, nanotechnology, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, control theory, aerodynamics, or solid-state physics). This is why in some countries only the B.Sc. part of the degree is called a degree in Engineering Physics.

Engineering physics degrees are respected degrees taught in many countries. It is notable that in many languages the term for Engineering Physics would be directly translated into English as "technical physics". In some countries, both what would be translated as "Engineering physics" and what would be translated as "Technical physics" are disciplines leading to academic degrees, with the former specializes in nuclear power research, and the latter closer to engineering physics.


Interdisciplinary areas in physical sciences in engineering such as energy, environment, materials, microelectronics and photonics promise to become increasingly relevant in the twenty-first century. The Program in Engineering Physics, which provides students with a fundamental knowledge of physics, together with problem-solving skills, and an understanding of engineering, is designed to address the needs of students seeking innovative careers in today's technological age. In addition, it allows students to keep their options open between physical sciences and engineering.

Following completion of the engineering physics program, students typically enter careers in engineering, applied science or applied physics through research, teaching or entrepreneurial engineering. Past graduates have also pursued other careers as diverse as medicine, business and law.

The program offers a unique combination of engineering, mathematics and physics, and is accredited for all participants by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology. It is directed towards students who have interest and ability in both engineering and physics.



For engineering majors , in addition to courses in those subjects fundamental to the student's field of interest, the program requires courses in quantum mechanics and encourages study of subjects as electromagnetism, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, condensed matter physics, mathematical physics, complex analysis and partial differential equations.


ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
Engineering Technology (ET) is a field of study which focuses on the applications of engineering and modern technology, rather than the theoretical. Engineering technology is typically undertaken as an alternative to an engineering degree and the requisite professional licensing requirements.



Engineering Technology (ET) is a field of study which focuses on the applications of engineering and modern technology, rather than the theoretical. Engineering technology is typically undertaken as an alternative to an engineering degree and the requisite professional licensing requirements.


The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology describes the difference between engineering and engineering technology as: "Engineering and technology are separate but intimately related professions. Here are some of the ways they differ:

Engineering undergraduate programs include more mathematics work and higher level mathematics than technology programs.
Engineering undergraduate programs often focus on theory, while technology programs usually focus on application.
Once they enter the workforce, engineering graduates typically spend their time planning, while engineering technology graduates spend their time making plans work.
At ABET, engineering and engineering technology programs are evaluated and accredited by two separate accreditation commissions using two separate sets of accreditation criteria.
Graduates from engineering programs are called engineers, while graduates of technology programs are often called technologists.
Some U.S. state boards of professional engineering licensure will allow only graduates of engineering programs—not engineering technology programs—to become licensed engineers."


INTEGRATED ENGINEERING
Integrated Engnineering is a program created to meet the demand for engineers who are able to deal with a wide range of problems, often involving knowledge from several disciplines. The demand arise from the current state of industry, where both the products manufactured and the plants which make the products are progressing towards greater diversity and sophistication. Recent studies had shown concern in both Canada and in the United States that engineering graduates were not well-prepared for many of today's multi-disciplinary and project-based workplace. Several committees have been formed to study this and have published some material. One Canadian study was done by the Canadian Academy of Engineering and two of its main conclusions were:

Engineering faculties should ensure that breadth of learning, beyond the technical aspects of the specialist engineering discipline, is a major thrust in engineering education.
The engineering curriculum should emphasize problem-solving, design, and the development of the learning skills of their students. Integrated Engineers acquire background in core disciplines such as: materials, solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, and systems involving chemical, electro-mechanical, and biological components.


Integrated Engineering has been providing MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SERVICES for industrial, commercial, recreational, multi-dwelling residential and institutional projects throughout Southwestern Ontario since 1993.

Our office is located at 1930 Blue Heron Drive in northwest London. The office contains a full compliment of resources including a comprehensive technical reference library and the expected, up-to-date word processing and AutoCAD drafting capabilities. As is the usual practice, we can send and receive files electronically in a variety of formats to suit our clients' needs.



MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ( SCIENCE)
Mechanical Engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the application of principles of physics for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. Mechanical engineering is one of the oldest and broadest engineering disciplines.

It requires a solid understanding of core concepts including mechanics, kinematics, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and energy. Mechanical engineers use the core principles as well as other knowledge in the field to design and analyze motor vehicles, aircraft, heating and cooling systems, watercraft, manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, robotics, medical devices and more.


Applications of mechanical engineering are found in the records of many ancient and medieval societies throughout the globe. In ancient Greece, the works of Archimedes (287 BC–212 BC) and Heron of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) deeply influenced mechanics in the Western tradition. In China, Zhang Heng (78–139 AD) improved a water clock and invented a seismometer, and Ma Jun (200–265 AD) invented a chariot with differential gears. The medieval Chinese horologist and engineer Su Song (1020–1101 AD) incorporated an escapement mechanism into his astronomical clock tower two centuries before any escapement could be found in clocks of medieval Europe, as well as the world's first known endless power-transmitting chain drive.

During the years from 7th to 15th century, the era called the Islamic golden age, there have been remarkable contributions from Muslims in the field of mechanical technology, Al Jaziri, who was one of them wrote his famous "Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices" in 1206 presented many mechanical designs. He is also considered to be the inventor of such mechanical devices which now form the very basic of mechanisms, such as crank and cam shafts.


During the early 19th century in England and Scotland, the development of machine tools led mechanical engineering to develop as a separate field within engineering, providing manufacturing machines and the engines to power them. The first British professional society of mechanical engineers was formed in 1847, thirty years after civil engineers formed the first such professional society. In the United States, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) was formed in 1880, becoming the third such professional engineering society, after the American Society of Civil Engineers (1852) and the American Institute of Mining Engineers (1871). The first schools in the United States to offer an engineering education were the United States Military Academy in 1817, an institution now known as Norwich University in 1819, and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1825. Education in mechanical engineering has historically been based on a strong foundation in mathematics and science.

The field of mechanical engineering is considered among the broadest of engineering disciplines. The work of mechanical engineering ranges from the depths of the ocean to outer space.

Mechanical Engineering Science provides an introduction to the basic science and mechanics required by mechanical engineering students in their studies; it links in with and complements the authors' companion volume Applied Mechanics.

This edition of a well-known classic text has been completely updated and includes new material giving extended coverage of power generation and prime movers as well as the topical subjects of renewable energy sources, satellites and emission of pollutants.

BOOKS ON ENGINEERING SCIENCE






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